开机自检

本片与 Form Factor 使用同一份 TikZ 代码，并与「作图纸」的其他几支短片共用作图引擎：每一步都在剧本指定的小节开始绘制。复制的代码会附带一行 \tikzset，用于声明本图专用的键；粘贴到加载了 TikZ 宏包的 LaTeX 文档中即可编译。

1% title: ATX 主板，12 × 9.6 英寸2% 1 单位为 1 英寸；后侧板边朝上3\begin{tikzpicture}4 5% PCB：ATX，12 × 9.6 英寸，1.6 mm FR-46\draw[very thick] (0,0) rectangle (12,9.6);7\draw[|<->|] (0,10.55) -- (12,10.55);8\draw[|<->|] (12.45,0) -- (12.45,9.6);9 10% 九个安装孔，各带 0.4 英寸见方的禁布区11\foreach \x/\y in {11.6/9.2,6.7/9.2,0.5/8.3,11.6/3.1,6.7/3.1,0.5/3.1,11.6/0.25,6.7/0.25,0.5/0.25} {12  \draw (\x,\y) circle (.14);13  \draw (\x,\y) circle (.07);14  \draw[help lines,dashed] (\x-.2,\y-.2) rectangle ++(.4,.4);15}16\draw[|<->|] (-.75,.25) -- (-.75,3.1);17\draw[|<->|] (-.75,3.1) -- (-.75,8.3);18\draw[|<->|] (6.7,9.82) -- (11.6,9.82);19 20% 后置 I/O，在 6.25 英寸宽的挡板内21\draw[help lines,dashed] (5.5,8.6) rectangle (11.75,9.75);22\draw[|<->|] (5.5,10.1) -- (11.75,10.1);23\draw (5.55,8.65) rectangle (6.33,9.72);24\foreach \x in {5.75,6.13} \foreach \y in {8.88,9.2,9.52}25  \draw (\x,\y) circle (.11);26\draw (7,8.62) rectangle (7.7,9.72);27\draw (7.08,8.95) -- (7.08,9.55) -- (7.62,9.55) -- (7.62,8.95)28  -- (7.48,8.95) -- (7.48,8.85) -- (7.22,8.85) -- (7.22,8.95) -- cycle;29\foreach \x in {7.12,7.5} \draw (\x,9.61) rectangle ++(.08,.06);30\foreach \x in {7.85,8.6} {31  \draw (\x,8.66) rectangle ++(.6,1.06);32  \draw (\x+.08,9.05) rectangle ++(.44,.55);33  \draw (\x+.14,9.3) -- ++(.32,0);34}35\draw (9.35,8.7) rectangle (9.77,9.72);36\draw (9.42,9.08) -- (9.42,9.6) -- (9.7,9.6) -- (9.7,9.2) -- (9.6,9.08) -- cycle;37\draw (9.87,8.7) rectangle (10.35,9.72);38\draw (9.93,9.6) -- (10.29,9.6) -- (10.24,9.12) -- (9.98,9.12) -- cycle;39\foreach \x in {10.5,10.72} \draw (\x,8.9) rectangle ++(.16,.82);40\foreach \y in {8.95,9.4} \draw (11.02,\y) rectangle ++(.28,.28);41 42% CPU 插座：方形 LGA，外框、压板与压杆43\draw[thick] (7.35,4.25) rectangle (9.85,7.15);44\foreach \x/\y in {7.5/4.4,9.7/4.4,7.5/7,9.7/7}45  \draw (\x,\y) circle (.07);46\draw (7.6,4.6) rectangle (9.6,6.8);47\draw[semithick] (9.98,4.4) -- (10.06,4.3) -- (10.06,6.98) -- (9.85,6.98);48% 封装 40 × 40 mm，及其顶盖49\draw (7.8125,4.9125) rectangle ++(1.575,1.575);50\draw[semithick] (7.96,5.06) rectangle ++(1.28,1.28);51\fill (7.86,4.96) -- ++(.14,0) -- ++(-.14,.14) -- cycle;52\foreach \i in {0,...,8} {53  \draw (8.07+\i*.13,4.94) rectangle ++(.05,.07);54  \draw (8.07+\i*.13,6.39) rectangle ++(.05,.07);55}56 57% Vcore：十四相，每相一颗功率级、一颗电感58\foreach \y in {4.55,4.95,...,6.95} {59  \draw (10.2,\y-.12) rectangle ++(.2,.24);60  \draw (10.25,\y-.06) rectangle ++(.1,.12);61  \draw (10.58,\y-.17) rectangle ++(.34,.34);62  \draw (10.75,\y) circle (.11);63}64\foreach \x in {7.55,7.95,...,9.95} {65  \draw (\x-.12,7.38) rectangle ++(.24,.2);66  \draw (\x-.06,7.43) rectangle ++(.12,.1);67  \draw (\x-.17,7.78) rectangle ++(.34,.34);68  \draw (\x,7.95) circle (.11);69}70% 每颗功率级旁一颗自举电容71\foreach \y in {4.55,4.95,...,6.95} \draw (10.455,\y-.03) rectangle ++(.03,.06);72\foreach \x in {7.55,7.95,...,9.95} \draw (\x-.03,7.635) rectangle ++(.06,.03);73\foreach \y in {4.6,4.95,5.3,5.65} \draw (11.05,\y) circle (.11);74\foreach \x in {7.6,7.93,...,9.9} \draw (\x,8.35) circle (.11);75\draw (10.42,7.62) rectangle ++(.26,.26);76\foreach \i in {0,...,4} {77  \draw (10.46+\i*.045,7.62) -- ++(0,-.04);78  \draw (10.46+\i*.045,7.88) -- ++(0,.04);79}80 81% 供电接口：CPU 用 EPS 8 + 4，其余用 24-pin82\draw (11.3,6) rectangle (11.72,6.75);83\draw (11.3,6.85) rectangle (11.72,7.25);84\foreach \c in {0,1} \foreach \r in {0,...,3}85  \fill (11.37+\c*.18,6.06+\r*.165) rectangle ++(.1,.1);86\foreach \c in {0,1} \foreach \r in {0,1}87  \fill (11.37+\c*.18,6.92+\r*.165) rectangle ++(.1,.1);88\draw (7.8,.15) rectangle (9.85,.7);89\draw (8.7,.7) rectangle ++(.25,.08);90\foreach \c in {0,...,11} \foreach \r in {0,1}91  \fill (7.88+\c*.165,.24+\r*.2) rectangle ++(.1,.1);92 93% 内存：四条 DDR5 插槽，双通道，两端卡扣94\foreach \y in {1.5,1.85,2.35,2.7} {95  \draw (6.05,\y-.13) rectangle ++(5.2,.26);96  \draw[densely dotted] (6.15,\y) -- (8.4,\y);97  \draw[densely dotted] (8.55,\y) -- (11.15,\y);98  \draw (5.87,\y-.1) rectangle ++(.18,.2);99  \draw (11.25,\y-.1) rectangle ++(.18,.2);100}101\foreach \y/\n in {1.5/A1,1.85/A2,2.35/B1,2.7/B2}102  \node[font=\tiny,anchor=east] at (5.82,\y) {DIMM\_\n};103 104% 内存走线等长：较短的几根绕成蛇形105\foreach \i in {0,1,2,3}106  \draw[ash,very thin] (7.8+.155*\i,4.25) -- (7.8+.155*\i,4.03-.07*\i)107    -- (7.72+.155*\i,3.95-.07*\i) -- (7.23+.3*\i,3.95-.07*\i)108    -- (7.15+.3*\i,3.87-.07*\i);109\foreach \i in {4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11}110  \draw[ash,very thin] (7.8+.155*\i,4.25) -- (7.8+.155*\i,3.26+.07*\i)111    -- (7.88+.155*\i,3.18+.07*\i) -- (7.37+.3*\i,3.18+.07*\i)112    -- (7.45+.3*\i,3.1+.07*\i);113\foreach \u/\v in {10.75/3.87}114  \draw[ash,very thin] (\u,\v) -- (\u,2.95);115\foreach \u/\v/\a in {7.15/3.87/0.018,7.45/3.8/0.023,7.75/3.73/0.029,8.05/3.66/0.035,8.65/3.38/0.064,8.95/3.45/0.046,9.25/3.52/0.033,9.55/3.59/0.025,9.85/3.66/0.017,10.15/3.73/0.012,10.45/3.8/0.008} {116  \draw[ash,very thin] (\u,\v) -- (\u,\v-.06);117  \draw[ash,very thin,domain=\v-.06:3.01,samples=120]118    plot ({\u+\a*max(-1,min(1,3*sin(5200*\x)))},\x);119  \draw[ash,very thin] (\u,3.01) -- (\u,2.95);120}121 122% 扩展槽：七个槽位，间距 0.8 英寸，五个装有插槽123\draw (5.8,7.05) rectangle (6.1,8.05);124\draw (5.8,7.59) -- ++(.3,0);125\foreach \d in {-.06,.06}126  \draw[densely dotted] (5.95+\d,7.13) -- (5.95+\d,7.53);127\draw[semithick] (5,4.55) rectangle (5.3,8.05);128\draw (4.97,4.52) rectangle (5.33,8.08);129\draw (5,7.59) -- ++(.3,0);130\foreach \d in {-.06,.06}131  \draw[densely dotted] (5.15+\d,4.63) -- (5.15+\d,7.53);132\draw (5.03,4.38) rectangle (5.27,4.55);133\draw (3.4,7.05) rectangle (3.7,8.05);134\draw (3.4,7.59) -- ++(.3,0);135\foreach \d in {-.06,.06}136  \draw[densely dotted] (3.55+\d,7.13) -- (3.55+\d,7.53);137\draw (2.6,4.55) rectangle (2.9,8.05);138\draw (2.6,7.59) -- ++(.3,0);139\foreach \d in {-.06,.06}140  \draw[densely dotted] (2.75+\d,4.63) -- (2.75+\d,7.53);141\draw (2.63,4.38) rectangle (2.87,4.55);142\draw (1,4.55) rectangle (1.3,8.05);143\draw (1,7.59) -- ++(.3,0);144\foreach \d in {-.06,.06}145  \draw[densely dotted] (1.15+\d,4.63) -- (1.15+\d,7.53);146\draw (1.03,4.38) rectangle (1.27,4.55);147\draw[|<->|] (2.75,8.3) -- (3.55,8.3);148 149% 存储：三个 M.2 2280 插槽，各装一块 NVMe 硬盘150\draw (6.22,7.98) rectangle (7.15,8.12);151\draw (6.25,4.6) rectangle (7.12,8);152\foreach \y in {7.25,6.55} \draw (6.35,\y) rectangle ++(.48,-.48);153\draw (6.87,7.1) rectangle ++(.17,-.17);154\draw (6.685,4.68) circle (.06);155\draw (3.885,7.98) rectangle (4.815,8.12);156\draw (3.915,4.6) rectangle (4.785,8);157\foreach \y in {7.25,6.55} \draw (4.015,\y) rectangle ++(.48,-.48);158\draw (4.535,7.1) rectangle ++(.17,-.17);159\draw (4.35,4.68) circle (.06);160\draw (1.485,7.98) rectangle (2.415,8.12);161\draw (1.515,4.6) rectangle (2.385,8);162\foreach \y in {7.25,6.55} \draw (1.615,\y) rectangle ++(.48,-.48);163\draw (2.135,7.1) rectangle ++(.17,-.17);164\draw (1.95,4.68) circle (.06);165 166% CPU 的通道：16 条到显卡槽，4 条到系统盘167\foreach \k in {0,...,7}168  \draw[ash,very thin] (7.35,5.15+.16*\k)169    -- ({5.4+abs(.26*\k-.4)},5.15+.16*\k)170    -- (5.4,4.75+.42*\k) -- (5.33,4.75+.42*\k);171\foreach \k in {0,...,3}172  \draw[ash,very thin] (7.55+.08*\k,7.15) -- (7.55+.08*\k,7.22+.04*\k)173    -- (6.61+.1*\k,7.22+.04*\k) -- (6.55+.1*\k,7.28+.04*\k) -- (6.55+.1*\k,8);174\draw[ash,very thin] (7.45,4.25) -- (7.45,4.18) -- (4.58,4.18) -- (3.8,3.4);175\draw[ash,very thin] (7.5,4.25) -- (7.5,4.135) -- (4.485,4.135) -- (3.75,3.4);176\draw[ash,very thin] (7.55,4.25) -- (7.55,4.09) -- (4.39,4.09) -- (3.7,3.4);177\draw[ash,very thin] (7.6,4.25) -- (7.6,4.045) -- (4.295,4.045) -- (3.65,3.4);178 179% 芯片组（不装散热片）、散热片固定孔及其通道180\draw[thick] (2.9,2.4) rectangle (3.9,3.4);181\draw (3.12,2.62) rectangle ++(.56,.56);182\fill (2.95,2.45) -- ++(.12,0) -- ++(-.12,.12) -- cycle;183\foreach \x/\y in {2.72/2.22,4.08/3.58} \draw (\x,\y) circle (.06);184\draw[ash,very thin] (3.05,2.4) -- (3.05,1.3) -- (2.65,0.9) -- (2.65,0.72);185\draw[ash,very thin] (3.25,2.4) -- (3.25,1.3) -- (3.05,1.1) -- (3.05,0.72);186\draw[ash,very thin] (3.45,2.4) -- (3.45,1.3) -- (3.6,1.15) -- (3.6,0.72);187\draw[ash,very thin] (3.65,2.4) -- (3.65,1.3) -- (4,0.95) -- (4,0.72);188\draw[ash,very thin] (3.6,3.4) -- (3.6,3.85) -- (4.35,4.6);189\draw[ash,very thin] (3,3.4) -- (3,3.95) -- (2.35,4.6);190 191% 前侧板边：SATA、USB 插针、前面板插针、风扇插座192\foreach \x in {2.45,3.4} {193  \draw (\x,.12) rectangle ++(.85,.6);194  \draw (\x+.05,.2) -- ++(0,.18) -- ++(.3,0) -- ++(0,-.06) -- ++(.04,0);195  \draw (\x+.45,.2) -- ++(0,.18) -- ++(.3,0) -- ++(0,-.06) -- ++(.04,0);196}197\draw (4.47,.12) rectangle (5.65,.5);198\draw (4.97,.12) rectangle ++(.18,.06);199\foreach \c in {0,...,9} \foreach \r in {0,1}200  \fill (4.58+\c*.1,.26+\r*.1) circle (.022);201\draw (5.85,.15) rectangle (6.25,.45);202\draw (5.92,.22) rectangle (6.18,.38);203\draw (.85,.17) rectangle (1.35,.43);204\foreach \c in {0,...,4} \foreach \r in {0,1}205  \fill (.92+\c*.09,.25+\r*.1) circle (.022);206\draw (1.55,.17) rectangle (2.05,.43);207\foreach \c in {0,...,4} \foreach \r in {0,1}208  \fill (1.62+\c*.09,.25+\r*.1) circle (.022);209\foreach \x/\y in {10.25/8.2,10.8/8.2,7.1/0.2} {210  \draw (\x,\y) rectangle ++(.45,.22);211  \foreach \p in {0,...,3} \fill (\x+.085+\p*.093,\y+.11) circle (.022);212}213\foreach \x/\y in {0.15/5.3} {214  \draw (\x,\y) rectangle ++(.22,.45);215  \foreach \p in {0,...,3} \fill (\x+.11,\y+.085+\p*.093) circle (.022);216}217 218% 音频：独占一角，与板上其余部分隔开219\draw[ash,densely dashed] (.75,8.15) -- (5.45,8.15) -- (5.45,9.55);220\draw (2.46,8.71) rectangle ++(.28,.28);221\foreach \i in {0,...,5} {222  \draw (2.5+\i*.04,8.71) -- ++(0,-.04);223  \draw (2.5+\i*.04,8.99) -- ++(0,.04);224  \draw (2.46,8.75+\i*.04) -- ++(-.04,0);225  \draw (2.74,8.75+\i*.04) -- ++(.04,0);226}227\draw (3.3,8.75) rectangle ++(.24,.2);228\foreach \i in {0,...,3} {229  \draw (3.33+\i*.06,8.75) -- ++(0,-.05);230  \draw (3.33+\i*.06,8.95) -- ++(0,.05);231}232\foreach \x/\r in {.95/.13,1.35/.13,1.75/.11,3.95/.13,4.35/.11,4.75/.11}233  \draw (\x,8.85) circle (\r);234\foreach \x in {.95,1.35} \draw (\x,9.25) circle (.09);235\draw (4,9.17) rectangle (4.9,9.43);236\foreach \c in {0,...,4} \foreach \r in {0,1}237  \fill (4.12+\c*.165,9.25+\r*.1) circle (.022);238 239% 其余：网卡芯片、Super I/O、BIOS、CMOS 电池、时钟240\draw (6.15,8.2) rectangle ++(.3,.3);241\draw (5.97,8.28) rectangle ++(.12,.14);242\draw (4.625,3.175) rectangle ++(.45,.45);243\foreach \i in {0,...,9} {244  \draw (4.67+\i*.04,3.175) -- ++(0,-.05);245  \draw (4.67+\i*.04,3.625) -- ++(0,.05);246  \draw (4.625,3.22+\i*.04) -- ++(-.05,0);247  \draw (5.075,3.22+\i*.04) -- ++(.05,0);248}249\draw (4.56,2.08) rectangle ++(.24,.2);250\foreach \i in {0,...,3} {251  \draw (4.59+\i*.06,2.08) -- ++(0,-.05);252  \draw (4.59+\i*.06,2.28) -- ++(0,.05);253}254\draw (1.6,3.85) circle (.4);255\draw (1.6,3.85) circle (.34);256\draw (1.15,3.75) rectangle ++(.08,.2);257\draw (2.08,1.98) rectangle ++(.34,.09);258\draw (2.25,2.55) rectangle ++(.2,.2);259\foreach \i in {0,...,3} {260  \draw (2.28+\i*.045,2.55) -- ++(0,-.03);261  \draw (2.28+\i*.045,2.75) -- ++(0,.03);262}263\draw (.9,3.72) rectangle ++(.2,.16);264\foreach \x in {.95,1.05} \fill (\x,3.8) circle (.022);265\draw (.95,.62) rectangle (1.75,.86);266\foreach \c in {0,...,6} \foreach \r in {0,1}267  \fill (1.05+\c*.1,.69+\r*.1) circle (.022);268\foreach \y in {6.2,6.75} {269  \draw (.15,\y) rectangle ++(.18,.32);270  \foreach \p in {0,1,2} \fill (.24,\y+.07+\p*.09) circle (.022);271}272 273% 状态指示：Debug 数码管、Q-LED、按键274\draw (10.3,.3) rectangle (10.9,.75);275\foreach \x in {10.38,10.62} \draw[ash] (\x,.37) rectangle ++(.18,.31);276\foreach \y in {.32,.45,.58,.71} \draw (11.05,\y) rectangle ++(.08,.06);277\foreach \x in {10.3,10.65} {278  \draw (\x,.9) rectangle ++(.25,.25);279  \draw (\x+.125,1.025) circle (.07);280}281\draw (10.02,.97) rectangle ++(.08,.06);282 283% 去耦：电流变化快的地方，成排的 0402 电容284\foreach \x in {6.2,6.45,...,9.95} \draw (\x,1.15) rectangle ++(.06,.03);285\foreach \i in {0,...,6} {286  \draw (2.98+\i*.13,2.25) rectangle ++(.06,.03);287  \draw (2.98+\i*.13,3.52) rectangle ++(.06,.03);288  \draw (2.76,2.5+\i*.13) rectangle ++(.03,.06);289  \draw (4.01,2.5+\i*.13) rectangle ++(.03,.06);290}291\foreach \x in {5.55,5.65,...,6.05} \draw (\x,4.42) rectangle ++(.03,.06);292 293% 丝印：标注各元件的位置294\node[font=\footnotesize] at (1.65,1.55) {ATX MAINBOARD};295\node[font=\tiny] at (1.65,1.3) {REV 1.0};296\foreach \x/\y/\t in {2.62/3.55/U2,4.85/3.85/U3,4.68/1.85/U4,2.6/9.15/U6,1.6/3.28/BAT1}297  \node[font=\tiny] at (\x,\y) {\t};298\foreach \x/\y in {.3/9.35,11.75/1.6,.3/1.2} {299  \fill (\x,\y) circle (.03);300  \draw (\x,\y) circle (.07);301}302 303\end{tikzpicture}